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Abstract

The Mapuche people are an indigenous group located in the Southern Cone region of South America with a strong claim to their ancestral lands in south-central Chile, especially in the Araucanía region. Historically, relations between the Mapuche people and the Chilean government have been poor, marked by conflict relating to territorial claims, natural resource extraction, and violence against Mapuche activists. This paper examines both present-day and historical conflicts between the Mapuche people and the Chilean government since Salvador Allende’s presidency in 1970. I analyze how regime change and neoliberal economic policies have affected Mapuche mobilization strategies, the efficacy of these efforts, the government’s handling of environmental conflict, and economic activity that has led to overexploitation and ecosystem damage in Mapuche lands.

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